How many watts is fast charging?

There are many types of mobile phone power adapters on the market that can fast charge, and the charging power is high or low, ranging from Xiaomi’s 200W fast charge to Apple’s iPhone 12’s 20W fast charge. The power of the Apple iPhone 12 charger is so different from that of Huawei, why can it be called fast charging?

According to the definition given in the “Tell Forum 2017 Fast Charging Technical Standards and Application Seminar”, the power adapter charges the mobile phone battery, starting from the initial charging state and charging for 30 minutes, the average current entering the battery during the period is greater than or equal to 3A or the total charging A charging method with an amount greater than or equal to 60% of the rated capacity of the battery.
After testing, the iPhone 12 uses the original 20W power adapter to charge, about 60% in half an hour, 88% in 1 hour, and it takes about 1 hour and 40 minutes to fully charge, which meets the fast charging conditions. Therefore, whether the power adapter is fast charging or not is determined by the input current and the charging speed in the first half hour, and has little to do with the output power.

There are various mainstream fast charging protocols for mobile phones on the market. Now each mobile phone manufacturer has its own private charging protocol, but these charging protocols are designed based on high-voltage, low-current or low-voltage, high-current charging methods. The former is a charging mode that improves the terminal charging power and rate by increasing the output voltage of the power adapter, and the latter is a charging mode that increases the terminal charging power and rate by increasing the output current of the power adapter.

Therefore, if you want to quickly charge the mobile phone, the charging protocol in the power adapter must be compatible with the mobile phone.

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The charging power is not equal to the actual speed, you need to know about the details of fast charging

When many mobile phone manufacturers promote fast charging, they often give consumers the illusion that the higher the charging power, the faster the charging speed. But in fact, there are also different types of fast charging solutions. They have different characteristics. Although high-voltage fast charging solutions can increase the charging power, there is an obvious “marginal effect” in the actual charging speed. Although the power of low-voltage fast charging is not high, the overall charging speed is very fast, and it will not cause overheating. Therefore, the charging power does not represent the actual charging speed.

PD fast charge, representative model: iPhone XS Max

From the perspective of price and charging speed, the PD fast charging solution is the cheapest one among all the current fast charging solutions. For example, the PD fast charge of iPhone Xs and iPhone Xs Max can only support up to 18W fast charge. According to the data provided by the evaluation, the PD fast charge of the iPhone Xs Max takes 114 minutes to fully charge the 2900mAh battery.

High-voltage fast charge, representative model: Huawei P30 series

There are two solutions for the high-voltage fast charging of Huawei P30 series, one is 40W (4V10A), and the other is 22.5W (5V4.5A/4.5V/5A). The advantage of the high-voltage fast charging solution is obvious, that is, the charging speed is fast enough, and it can be seen that Huawei P30 Pro can be fully charged with 4200mAh in just 52 minutes with the blessing of the 40W fast charging solution. However, the disadvantages of high-voltage fast charging are also obvious, that is, the heat generation is large, and the charging time is not smooth. For example: Huawei P30 22.5W fast charge, 3650mAh can be fully charged in 73 minutes.

Low-voltage fast charge, representative model: Reno series

At present, the representative of low-voltage fast charging is OPPO’s Reno series. It is equipped with VOOC flash charging 3.0 technology, which shortens the charging time by 23.8% compared with the previous generation. Although the VOOC Flash Charge 3.0 theoretically only has a power of 20W (5V4A), the actual charging speed is faster than the 22.5W of the Huawei P30, and 3765mAh can be charged in 60 minutes.

Therefore, the advantage of low-voltage fast charging is that the overall charging efficiency is very high, whether it is charging while playing or the trickle charging stage, it can maintain a high charging efficiency. Moreover, this technology has excellent performance in heat control.
Of course, the low-voltage fast charging solution is not without its shortcomings, that is, it has higher requirements for chargers and chargers, and it is necessary to use the original package to achieve low-voltage fast charging. Careful OPPO users must have also discovered that the original charging cable that comes with OPPO mobile phones that support VOOC flash charging is thicker than the ordinary charging cable.